Harris's view of the Halifax changed sometime after spring 1942. To install the nacelles I first draw a nacelle doubler and that is glued the inside of the ribs in the proper location. Handley Page Halifax - Survivors Survivors There are 2 fully restored Halifax bomber version in the world. And a Mk A VII (N337), recovered also from a Norwegian lake in 1995, has been restored for the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) Memorial Museum at Trenton in Canada. Between us we will make a job of it.". [36] The Halifax remained in widespread service with Coastal Command and RAF Transport Command, Royal Egyptian Air Force and the Arme de l'Air until early 1952. Handley Page Halifax 4 [ ] P.13/36 2 H.P.56 [2] The improvement in the Halifax MKIII's performance could be measured objectively. Modifications resulted in the definitive HP57, which upon acceptance was given the service name Halifax, following the practice of naming heavy bombers after major towns in this case, Halifax in the West Riding of Yorkshire. The maximum bomb load was 14,500lb (6,600kg), carried in a bomb bay in the fuselage with six separate bomb compartments, and three bomb compartments in each wing inboard section. 35 Squadron and four other squadrons were selected to form the Pathfinder Force, later expanded to become No. In the 1930s, the Royal Air Force (RAF) was primarily interested in twin-engine bombers. The majority of these crew (in Canada over 60%) flew their beloved Halifax's, above all others, to Victory in World War Two. 25.00 1 bid 4d 15h + 4.90 postage. Air Chief Marshal Arthur Harris, head of Bomber Command, was scathing in his criticism of the Halifax's performance compared to the new Avro Lancaster, primarily of its bomb-carrying capability: it was calculated that an average Halifax would drop 100 tons of bombs in its lifetime compared to a Lancaster's 154. The Halifax Mark V were manufactured by Rootes Group at Speke and Fairey at Stockport; operationally, these were generally used by Coastal Command and for training purposes. Upon the end of the conflict, Bomber Command quickly disbanded the majority of its Halifax-equipped squadrons; the aircraft themselves were transferred to Transport Command. Halifaxes continued to be built because it was considered more efficient to allow existing manufacturing facilities to continue producing them efficiently, rather than stop production for an unknown period while they converted to the Lancaster, while new manufacturing facilities were devoted to the Lancaster. A number of former RAF Halifax C.8s were sold from 1945 and used as freighters by a number of mainly British airlines. Civil Registration: None : Model(s): Halifax Mk. 144 Squadron RAF, part of Coastal Command. The last mission took place in March 1952 from Gibraltar. Various improved versions of the Halifax were introduced, incorporating more powerful engines, a revised defensive turret layout and increased payload. Finally a group of pilots and ground engineers, led by Group Captain Clive Caldwell, purchased it for flights to the Far East, setting up Aircarriers of Australia. The Handley Page Halifax was a four-engined heavy bomber model operated by the British Royal Air Force during World War II.The Halifax remained in service until the end of the war, performing a variety of duties in addition to bombing. Aft of the pilots and on the same level as the navigator and wireless operator was the flight engineer's compartment. Posted January 26. Interests:Aircraft WW2 USAAF / RAF. Sir Frederick Handley Page, (born Nov. 15, 1885, Cheltenham, Gloucestershire, Eng.died April 21, 1962, London), British aircraft designer who built the Handley Page 0/400, one of the largest heavy bomber planes used in World War I. Handley Page twin-engine biplane. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. A Handley Page Halifax aircrew (1 C, 73 F) Handley Page Halifax in art (1 F) Handley Page Halifax in Australian service (71 F) B Handley Page Halifax bomb bays (11 F) C Handley-Page Halifax v1.0.6 / 01 feb 22 / greg goebel * In the mid-1930s, Britain began programs to develop heavy bombers, with three four-engine bombers -- the Shorts Stirling, the Handley-Page Halifax, and the Avro Lancaster -- emerging in World War II. A Lancaster tended to go deeper into a dive whereas a Halifax had to be forced to stay in the dive as the speed increased, i.e. Of the 6,176 Halifaxes built, three complete examples remain. Stachiw, Anthony L. and Andrew Tattersall. [16], Early on, Air Chief Marshal Arthur Harris, head of Bomber Command, was scathing in his criticism of the Halifax's performance in comparison to the new Avro Lancaster, primarily of its bomb-carrying capability: an average Halifax was calculated to drop 100 tons of bombs in its lifetime, compared to a Lancaster's 154. Here's a few 'what you get in the box' shots. On every street, in every town of our nation, are families whose fathers, grandfathers, and uncles flew in bombers. The Handley Page Halifax, 1st joined the Royal Air Force in March 1941 with 35 Squadron Code TL- . Founded by Frederick Handley Page in 1909, it was the United Kingdom's first publicly traded aircraft manufacturing company. It crash landed at Bovingdon in Hertfordshire on 5 September 1947, was written off and was eventually scrapped. Friday The 13th "Bringing back the Halifax! The aircraft was moved to the National Air Force Museum of Canada in Trenton, Ontario where it was unveiled in 2005 after a full restoration. In 1948, the air freight market was in decline but 41 civil aircraft were used in the Berlin Air Lift operating a total of 4,653 sorties carrying freight and 3,509 carrying bulk diesel fuel. Royal Air Force four-engine heavy bomber of WWII, Looking upward and rearward from the navigator's position: wireless operator at lower right; pilot at upper right; flight engineer in his usual inflight position at upper left behind the pilot, RAF strategic bombing during the Second World War, The aircraft were assembled at Leavesden from components and assemblies manufactured around London. After the war Halifaxes remained in service with Coastal Command and RAF Transport Command, Royal Egyptian Air Force and the Arme de l'Air until early 1952. [4] Further requirements of the specification included the use of a mid-mounted cantilever monoplane wing and all-metal construction, and encouraged use of the Rolls-Royce Vulture engine then in development. Definitions of Handley-Page Halifax, synonyms, antonyms, derivatives of Handley-Page Halifax, analogical dictionary of Handley-Page Halifax (English) But any new facilities were devoted to the Lancaster. This page was last edited on 19 April 2019, at 12:46. The Berlin Airlift was probably the last major operation of the type and afterwards most survivors were scrapped. It was progressively outnumbered in frontline service over occupied Europe as more Lancasters became available from 1943 onwards, with many squadrons converting to the Lancaster. It is displayed in its "as recovered" condition in the Bomber Command display at the Royal Air Force Museum at Hendon in London, apart from the nose turret which had already been restored prior to the decision. It quickly became a major component of Bomber Command, performing routine strategic bombing missions against the Axis Powers, many of them at night. Handley Page Halifax VH-BDT Waltzing Matilda at Cloncurry, QLD in 1947 (via Ben Dannecker), Four 1,205 kw (1,615 hp) Bristol Hercules VI fourteen-cylinder two-row sleeve-valve radial engines, One 7.7 mm (0.303 in) Vickers K machine gun on flexible mount in nose; four 7.7 mm (0.303 in) Browning machine guns in Boulton & Paul A Mk III dorsal turret; four 7.7 mm (0.303 in) Browning machine guns in Boulton & Paul E turret in tail; max bomb load 5,897 kg (13,000 lb). The Yorkshire Air Museum, on the site of the Second World War airfield, RAF Elvington, has a fully restored aircraft re-constructed from a fuselage section of Halifax B.Mk.II HR792 and parts from other aircraft including the wings from an RAF Hastings. The English Electric company thus mass-produced thousands of piston-engined bombers, such as the Handley Page Hampden and Handley Page Halifax, and the firm became a well . He took the four-engine Handley Page Halifax Mk.7 across the English Channel 32 times between July and Christmas Eve, 1944, to bomb German industrial cities along the Rhine. The Handley Page Victor was a British jet-powered strategic bomber, which served during the Cold War. Quick Facts First flight 25th October 1939 Both the Lancaster and the Halifax emerged as capable four-engined strategic bombers, thousands of which were built and operated by the RAF and several other services during the War. Units were sent to the Middle East and Italy; and a number of Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) Squadrons in Europe received the Halifax. It went into voluntary liquidation and ceased to exist in 1970. This site tracks the history of all Handley Page Halifaxs that survived military service. On 2 June 1942, in a response to a telegram sent by Frederick Handley Page, congratulating Harris on the success of the first 1000 bomber Cologne raid, he stated: "My Dear Handley Page. It was produced in a variety of models, and was fitted with two types of engine: the Mk I with the Bristol Hercules radial, and the Mk II with the 955 kw (1,280 hp) Rolls Royce Merlin XX. It was flown to New Zealand via Iceland and the United States, the flight of 4,023 km (2,500 miles) from San Francisco, California to Honolulu, Hawaii taking 11 hours. The Halifax was also flown in large numbers by other Allied and Commonwealth nations, such as the Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF), Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF), Free French Air Force and Polish forces. London Aero and Motor Services (LAMS) was a company formed in 1946 which operated from Elstree in Hertfordshire on freight work. Handley Page Heyford Heavy Night-Bomber / Crew Trainer Aircraft 9 1924 Handley Page Hendon (HP.25) Biplane Torpedo Bomber Prototype Aircraft 10 1924 Handley Page HP.21 / Type S (HPS-1) Single-Seat, Single-Engine Monoplane Fighter 11 1922 Handley Page Hanley Torpedo Biplane Bomber Prototype 12 1918 [12][10] At the peak, 41 separate factories and dispersed units were involved in production, along with 600 subcontractors and 51,000 employees, with one Halifax completed every hour. By the time of the Munich crisis, orders were increased and work was proceeding to get the bombers on order from the various manufacturers to Bomber Command as quickly as possible. [35] While some of these Mk VI and Mk VII machines were deployed to the theatre, they played little meaningful role as the war ended before larger numbers could be brought to bear against Japanese forces. The Avro Lancaster was a four-engine heavy bomber used by the RAF in 1942 and, together with the Handley Page Halifax, was the main strategic bomber of the RAF and other air forces of the Commonwealth countries. Handley Page built the assemblies and components at Cricklewood and the aircraft were assembled and flown from Radlett Aerodrome; the first production aircraft flew from Radlett on 11 October 1940. [34] Attacks upon oil production facilities throughout Germany would become commonplace within the remaining months of the war. A second LAMS Halifax, a C.VIII G-AIWK (c/n 1368 PP295 also named Port of Sydney) came to Australia. The definitive version of the Halifax was the B Mk VI, powered by the 1,800hp (1,300kW) Hercules 100. The front fuselage section of Halifax MkVII PN323, built by Fairey Aviation at Manchester, is displayed at the Imperial War Museum in London. [10], The bomb aimer's position was in the extreme nose with the navigator's table located behind it, both roles fulfilled by the same crew member. The first is HR871, located off the coast of Sweden. 433 Squadron and No. The Halifax was one of Bomber Command's four-engined bombers that it used for its strategic bombing campaign over Germany. For quicker delivery Avro and HP56 designs were ordered "off the drawing board" in mid-1937. During the post-war years, the Halifax was operated by the Royal Egyptian Air Force, the French Air Force and the Royal Pakistan Air Force. One of the two is located at the Yorkshire Air Museum, on the site of the Second World War airfield, RAF Elvington. This name followed the practice of naming heavy bombers after major towns in this case, Halifax in the West Riding of Yorkshire. This Hampden was recovered from a crash-site in Russia in 1991 and is being reconstructed at the Michael Beetham Conservation Centre at the Royal Air Force Museum Cosford, Shifnal, Shropshire. Handley Page Hampden Mk. The Handley Page Halifax was conceived in 1936 as the result of an Air Ministry specification which called for an all metal mid wing cantilever monoplane heavy medium bomber to be powered by two Rolls Royce Vulture liquid cooled engines, these still being in the state of . ; TG511 (T5) on display at the RAF Museum Cosford, England. The two-gun dorsal turret was replaced by a four-gun Boulton Paul turret. The crew escaped to Sweden with the help of the Norwegian resistance, except for the Flight Engineer who remained behind because of a broken ankle and was taken prisoner. the Lancaster) at 102ft 0in. As well, some carried a detachable pannier capable of carrying a 3,629 kg (8,000 lb) freight load. A number were converted for use as freighters, and as passenger transports, initially by the Royal Air Force (RAF), and after the war by British Overseas Airways Corporation (BOAC). WARBIRD REGISTRY > HALIFAX REGISTRY > . 58 Sqn. Power limitations were so serious that the British invested heavily in the development of huge engines in the 2,000 horsepower (1,500kW) class in an effort to improve performance. It was mainly used as a night bomber. Handley Page developed a modern stressed-skin mid-wing monoplane, powered by Bristol Pegasus radial air cooled engines, with its first flight in 1936. The redesign increased the span from 88ft (27m) to 99ft (30m) and put on 13,000 pounds (5,900kg) of weight. Handley Page Halifax The Halifax shared with the Lancaster the major burden of Bomber Command's night bombing campaign over Europe. Read more about this topic: Handley Page Halifax, I want to celebrate these elms which have been spared by the plague, these survivors of a once flourishing tribe commemorated by all the Elm Streets in America. The plane was part of RCAF 426 Squadron, and had been shot down near Geraardsbergen during a raid on Leuven, Belgium on 12 May 1944. This area led to the two-gun dorsal turret. Users: UK (RAF), Australia, Canada, Free-French, New Zealand. A total of 6,176 Halifax bombers were built by Handley Page, English Electric, the London Aircraft Production Group, Fairey and Rootes, at times achieving an output of one bomber per hour. However, during the late 1930s, none of these engines was ready for production. [4], The first prototype was built at Handley Page's facility in Cricklewood, London, It was then dismantled and transported by road to RAF Bicester (the nearest non-operational RAF airfield with suitable facilities) for reassembly. PN323 was the final Halifax scrapped, at Radlett, with the forward fuselage being recovered in 1965 and the nose section/crew compartment moved to the IWM 1978. On the return flight it had an engine problem and flew from Darwin to Sydney on three engines. The flight engineer filled in as a co-pilot, seated on a folding seat to the right of the pilot, during crucial manoeuvres such as take-off. Handley Page Halifax II. The Halifax Mk.I was quickly followed by 25 of the Mk I Series II; these featured an increased gross weight from 58,000lb (26t) to 60,000lb (27t) but with maximum landing weight unchanged at 50,000lb (23t). The registration lapsed, it was struck off the register in December 1947 and the aircraft was sold to a scrap dealer for $200 (100), eventually being used by fire crews at Mascot for training before being broken up. The surface panels were flush riveted, although the application of the matte black night bomber camouflage, probably negated the benefit. Crash of a Handley Page H.P.57 Halifax I in Wustermark: 7 killed Date & Time: Jul 26, 1941 Type of aircraft: Handley Page H.P.57 Halifax I Operator: Registration: L9507 Flight Phase: Flight Flight Type: Bombing Survivors: No Site: Plain, Valley Schedule: Linton-on-Ouse - Linton-on-Ouse Location: Wustermark Brandenburg Country: Germany Region: The Pakistan Air Force, which had inherited a number of Halifax bombers from the RAF, also continued to operate them and became the last military user of the type, retiring the last aircraft in 1961. The defensive armaments included power-assisted gun turrets in various positions located across the aircraft. Several parts of the aircraft were used in the restoration of NA337, and the airframe was melted down and later used to construct the RAF Bomber Command Memorial in London, which was unveiled in 2012. It was developed by Handley Page to the same specification as the contemporary twin-engine Avro Manchester . Contents 1 Design and development NA337 is a Halifax A.Mk.VII Special Duties aircraft built by Rootes Motors, at Liverpool Airport and is now preserved at the National Air Force Museum of Canada at CFB Trenton in Trenton, Ontario, near Kingston, Ontario. A Handley Page Halifax B Mark III Series 1A of No. [citation needed], Harris's view of the Halifax changed sometime after spring 1942. 6 Group, formed of Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) squadrons, also adopted the Halifax around the same time, and would go on to operate it in each of its 14 squadrons, although it was never solely equipped with the type. During their service with Bomber Command, Halifaxes flew a total of 82,773 operations and dropped 224,207 tons of bombs, while 1,833 aircraft were lost. Handley Page produced the HP56 design to meet Air Ministry Specification P.13/36 for a twin-engine medium bomber for "world-wide use". Crash of a Handley Page H.P.57 Halifax I in Grosage: 7 killed Date & Time: Aug 25, 1941 at 0116 LT Type of aircraft: Handley Page H.P.57 Halifax I Operator: Registration: L9572 Flight Phase: Flight Flight Type: Bombing Survivors: No Site: Plain, Valley Schedule: Linton-on-Ouse - Linton-on-Ouse Location: Grosage Hainaut Country: Belgium Region: The Mk IV was a non-production design using a turbocharged Hercules powerplant. [2] Nevertheless, production of the Halifax continued until April 1945. [4], The Halifax was powered by four engines, two spaced evenly on each wing. The final bomber version, the Mk VII, reverted to the less powerful Hercules XVI. Handley Page Halifax A Mk.VII Royal Air Force (1918-now) 644 Sqn. As a wayward youth we would take our cars on to the old Handley Page aerodrome at Radlett in Hertfrodshire and have races up and down the main runway! The Halifax saw Service in Europe and the Middle East with a variety of variants for use with Coastal Command, in Anti Submarine Warfare, Special Duties, Glider-Tugs, & Troop Transportation roles. of fuel, it had a range of 1,860miles. From the early days of our group, when we set a worlds record for a heavy bomber underwater recovery with a lift of RAF Halifax NA337 from 240 meters depth in Lake Mjosa, Norway to the impossible but successfully completed deep swamp recovery of RCAF Halifax LW682 in Belgium, with her missing crew still on board, Halifax 57 Rescue (Canada) has done its duty to bring the legend and important history of the Halifax bomber back to the people of Canada and the world. One time or another their madness will explode. 1663 Heavy Conversion Unit undergoes maintenance at night in a T2 Type hangar at Rufforth, Yorkshire. This page was last edited on 27 January 2023, at 00:09. On the floor just behind the front turret (or later the nose) was the escape hatch. The second aircraft the organization is seeking to recover is LW170 off the coast of Scotland. [4] The HP57 was given the service name Halifax upon its acceptance. Halifax Survivors Where can you go to see a Halifax Bomber? 518 Squadron RAF sprang a fuel leak and, while trying to return to base, was forced to ditch off the Hebrides Islands west of Scotland. Defensive armament consisted of two .303in (7.7mm) Browning machine guns in a Boulton Paul Type C nose turret, with an additional four in a Boulton Paul Type E tail turret. In the summer of 1973, it was recovered from the lake by a team of divers from the RAF and a Norwegian diving club, and was transported to the UK on a British Army Landing craft tank. But to celebrate them is to be silent about the people who sit and sleep underneath them, the homeless poor who are hauled away by the city like trash, except it has no place to dump them. The airframe was melted down and used to construct the ceiling of the RAF Bomber Command Memorial in London, which was unveiled in 2012.[42]. 387388. On later-built aircraft, the two-gun dorsal turret was replaced by a four-gun Boulton Paul turret. When production ended in Nov 1946, 6,176 were built. In a reply on 2 June 1942, to a telegram sent by Frederick Handley Page congratulating him on the success of the first 1000 bomber Cologne raid, he stated: "My Dear Handley Page. Falconer, J: Handley Page Halifax 1939 onwards (all marks) Owners' Workshop Manual, Haynes 2016, page 29. In September 1941, a production Halifax Mk.I participated in an official naming ceremony of the type, officiated by Lord Halifax and Lady Halifax. 138 Sqn. At the end of 1941, the Halifax was withdrawn from daylight bombing operations after intensifying fighter opposition had increased the casualty rates to unsustainable levels. He was killed in the aircraft's crash-landing, but the remaining crew survived due to his actions. [3], During the mid-1930s, the British Air Ministry released Specification P.13/36, seeking a twin-engine heavy-medium bomber suitable for "world-wide use". Barton continued to fly the Halifax while other crew members bailed out. A rare colour photograph of a 405 Squadron Handley Page Halifax II being serviced and "bombed-up" prior to a raid. Survivors. [citation needed] The four-engine redesign increased its wingspan from 88ft (27m) to 99ft (30m) and added 13,000 pounds (5,900kg) of weight. After World War II LAMS obtained 16 ex RAF Halifaxes for the carriage of freight. Twelve aircraft were converted for BOAC and became known as the Handley Page Halton but they only operated until 1948, the conversion work being performed by Handley Page and Short Brothers & Harland. . Defensive armament consisted of two .303in (7.7mm) Browning machine guns in a Boulton Paul Type C nose turret, with an additional four in a Boulton Paul Type E tail turret, and, in some aircraft, two .303in (7.7mm) Vickers K machine guns in beam (side, or "waist") positions. NA337 is a Halifax A.Mk.VII Special Duties aircraft built by Rootes Motors, at Liverpool Airport and is now preserved at the National Air Force Museum of Canada at CFB Trenton in Trenton, Ontario, near Kingston, Ontario. [4] In September 1937, the Ministry specified the use of four Rolls-Royce Merlin engines; according to aviation author Phillip J. R. Moyes, this redesign to four Merlin engines had been done "much against the company's wishes". It was then offered, because of its war record with an RAAF squadron, to the Australian War Memorial in Canberra, ACT as a gift to be preserved alongside the Avro Lancaster, which was later preserved, but the offer was not accepted. [8] Further design modifications resulted in the definitive aircraft, now considerably enlarged and powered by four 1,280hp (950kW) Rolls-Royce Merlin X engines. They also serviced in other roles such as glider tugs, reconnaissance aircraft, and paratrooper transports. The very front where the cowl is will be balsa sheeted and ABS will form into it. Halifax, also called Handley Page Halifax, British heavy bomber used during World War II. 1:144 Handley Page Halifax Bomber Metal Military Airplane Model,RAF 1944 $48.99 Free shipping SPONSORED Atlas Edtions Collection Diecast New Handley Page Halifax 1:144 $13.09 $20.37 shipping or Best Offer Corgi Aviation HP Halifax AV 2007 Highly Exclusive Silver Paint Finish AA37299 $385.23 $65.39 shipping The bomb aimer occupied a streamlined perspex nose, with a single hand-held machine gun. Barnes, C H: Handley Page Aircraft since 1907, London 1976, pp. Bombing activity became increasingly brazen throughout late 1944 as the Luftwaffe became incapable of putting up effective opposition against allied air forces. The company went into liquidation after the one flight. Specialised versions of the Halifax were developed for troop transport and paradrop operations. Halifax IIs were built by English Electric and Handley Page; 200 and 100 aircraft respectively. The Halifax B Mk IIIa is a rank II British bomber with a battle rating of 4.0 (AB/RB) and 4.3 (SB). As a Pathfinder and Main Force aircraft, the Halifax was a core part of the bombing offensive against Germany and its Axis allies. They dont know how to handle their parents. The tail gunner occupied a four-gun turret at the extreme aft end of the aircraft.[25]. Nicknamed the 'Halibag' the Handley Page Halifax would serve with distinction until the end of the Second World War, and post-war would play a role in the Berlin Airlift. A further compartment aft of the flight engineer contained two bunks originally intended for resting crew members, but almost always used for treating and berthing injured crew. It is displayed in its "as recovered" condition in the Bomber Command display at the Royal Air Force Museum at Hendon in London, apart from the nose turret which had already been restored prior to the decision. VII NP707, which completed 67 operations with No. Harris continued to have a poor opinion of the Halifax, despite the fact that later Hercules-engined machines had lower loss rates and higher crew survival rates after abandoning the aircraft than Lancasters, and came very close to the Lancaster's speed and altitude performance. Located approximately 93 kilometres (58 miles) southeast of Calgary, Halifax 57 Rescue (Canada) is an aircraft recovery and restoration group that operates worldwide. Accordingly, in 1936, the RAF decided to investigate the feasibility of a four-engined bomber. It had been converted by Handley Page at Radlett to a civil transport with seating for 15 but retained its camouflage. The aircrafts Certificate of Airworthiness was initially issued on 16 May 1946 to Mr Wikner and it left Radlett on 26 May 1946. These were followed by 25 of the Mk I Series II with increased gross weight (from 58,000lb/26,310kg to 60,000lb/27,220kg) but with maximum landing weight unchanged at 50,000lb (23,000kg). 1928). He is also known for his invention, with Gustav Lachmann, of the leading edge slot to improve the stall characteristics of aircraft wings. 644 Squadron RAF, then based at RAF Tarrant Rushton, is a transport/special duties version, and was retrieved from the bottom of Lake Mjsa in Norway in 1995 after being shot down in April 1945. [42], At present[when? The Handley Page Halifax is a four-engine heavy bomber aircraft with a crew of seven produced by the British manufacturer Handley Page. One side of the nose and cockpit of Halifax Mk. Halifax bombers were progressively relegated to secondary theatres such as North Africa and Italy, while many were converted to or built new as glider tugs, transports and maritime reconnaissance. [36] During the type's service with Bomber Command, Halifaxes flew 82,773 operations and dropped 224,207 tons of bombs. Halifax survivors ; Development of the Halifax B Mk III Bomber. 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